Unit 8 WWII & Early Cold War
Timeline
Trigger Words
Containment
The idea of siply containing communism- not attacking or attempting to destroy
it, but not letting it spread outside of the U.S.S.R. either.
Dumbarton Oaks
The location of the Dumbaton Oaks Conference in which the United Nations was
outlined and planned by the U.S., U.S.S.R., U.K., and China.
Kennan, George
Foreign Service officer George Kennan was the key idea man behind the containment doctrine. His knowledge of Soviet history led him to conclude that the Soviets saw capitalist-communist conflict as inevitable. The only way to deal with that mentality, concluded Kennan, was for the United States to contain communism by resisting Soviet aggression and expansion wherever it might occur.
Marshall Plan
In 1947, Secretary of State George Marshall proposed a massive economic aid program to rebuild the war-torn economies of European nations. The plan was motivated both by humanitarian concern for the conditions of those nations' economies and by fear that their economic dislocation would promote the spread of communism in Europe, particularly Western Europe; also known as the European Recovery Program.
McCarthyism
Named for Senator Joseph McCarthy's anti-communist pursuits, the term soon came
to descride a state of paranoia during the second red scare based upon fears of
Soviet spies and sabateurs.
Taft-Hartley Act
The anti-union Taft-Hartley Act (1947) outlawed the closed shop and secondary boycotts. It also authorized the president to seek injunctions to prevent strikes that posed
a threat to national security.
The idea of siply containing communism- not attacking or attempting to destroy
it, but not letting it spread outside of the U.S.S.R. either.
Dumbarton Oaks
The location of the Dumbaton Oaks Conference in which the United Nations was
outlined and planned by the U.S., U.S.S.R., U.K., and China.
Kennan, George
Foreign Service officer George Kennan was the key idea man behind the containment doctrine. His knowledge of Soviet history led him to conclude that the Soviets saw capitalist-communist conflict as inevitable. The only way to deal with that mentality, concluded Kennan, was for the United States to contain communism by resisting Soviet aggression and expansion wherever it might occur.
Marshall Plan
In 1947, Secretary of State George Marshall proposed a massive economic aid program to rebuild the war-torn economies of European nations. The plan was motivated both by humanitarian concern for the conditions of those nations' economies and by fear that their economic dislocation would promote the spread of communism in Europe, particularly Western Europe; also known as the European Recovery Program.
McCarthyism
Named for Senator Joseph McCarthy's anti-communist pursuits, the term soon came
to descride a state of paranoia during the second red scare based upon fears of
Soviet spies and sabateurs.
Taft-Hartley Act
The anti-union Taft-Hartley Act (1947) outlawed the closed shop and secondary boycotts. It also authorized the president to seek injunctions to prevent strikes that posed
a threat to national security.
4 Worlds
Primary Sources
The Bombing of Hiroshima, 1945 Dr. Michihiko Hachiya remembers an extremely bright light, then another. Suddenly he looked down and saw that he was completely naked and cut badly all over his body. He eventually found his wife who was injured just like he. They were both bleeding and impaled with various things. Hachiya even had a large piece of glass stuck in his throat. After attempting to reach the hospital with his wife, Hachiya finally had to stop. Lying on the ground, he recalls other people naked and badly burned just like he was.
The significance of this primary source is that is shows just how badly the U.S. wanted to defeat Japan. The U.S. wanted to defeat Japan without the aid of Russia and they wanted to show the world their military power. Many Americans celebrated frantically when they learned of Japan's surrender. However, the dropping of these atomic bombs started a nuclear arms race between the U.S. and the USSR known as the Cold War. Jared C. |
Executive Order 8022 This primary source states that in the work place, no discrimination may be made due to race, color, or national origin. Due to this time of war, work is scarce and the US needs everyone's participation without all the racial injustices taking place. This document supports Japanese-Americans and African-Americans, due to the racial tensions and segregation. This document lays out the guidelines for the interracial work force, including the vacations and training to be administrated equally, along with contracts and so forth.
The significance of this primary source is that it was also known as Fair Employment Act, which was signed by FDR. This document was to end the racial discrimination in the national defense industry and was one of the first acts to promote equal opportunity and prohibit employment discrimination in the United States. This order created the path for equality in the work place and give everyone a chance, no matter his/her race, color, or national birth place. John M. |
US Warns Japan In this except from one of Truman's radio chats, Truman gives the Japanese the option to surrender and give in to American forces in order to avoid complete destruction. He repeatedly emphasizes the purpose behind such a dangerous weapon and why it necessary to drop if Japan doesn't surrender to America. He even urges those who are in factories to make an escape in order to try to survive the complete chaos and danger that is on its way to Japan.
The significance of it is that it demonstrates the complete danger and strength of this weapon since Truman actually announces our plans to drop it and warning people ahead of time to run away in order to survive. It also illustrates the struggle that Truman went through as he made his decision because in the excerpt one can clearly see the conflicted thoughts he has about the bomb and whether the destruction is worth it. This bombing was a major moment in history for America and possibly defined its future against Japan. Shayla C. |
Unemployment during the Great Depression This primary source shows the rate of unemployment through the 1930's and 1940's and how FDR and new laws like the New Deal affected the unemployment rate. This chart shows that even with a new political party and a new president that everybody seemed to love and new government power giving people free benefits, unemployment rate stayed consistently high. The unemployment rate did not go down until America joined World War 2, due to the booming war economy.
This is significant because because most of the men went to battle and factories needed more and new people to build weapons and armory. FDR and the New Deal did not get America out of the great depression, World War 2 got America out of the Great depression. Rachel M. |
Bonus
Jared Clement